Changes
/* England */
{{stars2|Category = Weapons}}
{{TOClimit|3}}
{{Swords}}
==The Evidence==
===Art===
----
The following images show help to show how scabbards of the period may have worked.
====Anglo-Saxon====
<gallery mode=Packed heights=140px style="text-align:left;">
London, British Library, MS Add. 49598, f095v Sword-b.JPG|AD 971-984 <br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Add. 49598|BL Add. 49598 f.95v]]
London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V, f039r Sword.JPG|AD 1025-1050<br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V|BL Cott. Tib. B V f.39r]]
London, British Library, MS Harley 2506, f041r Sword.JPG|AD 980-1000<br>[[:Category:London, British Library, MS Harley 2506|BL Harl. 2506 f.41r]]
London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V, f085v Sword.JPG|AD 1025-1050<br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V|BL Cott. Tib. B V f.85r]]
London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI f.08v Sword.JPG|AD 1050<br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI|BL Cott. Tib. C. VI f.8v]]
London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI f.09r Sword.JPG|AD 1050<br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI|BL Cott. Tib. C. VI f.9r]]
London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI f.10v Sword.JPG|AD 1050<br> [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI|BL Cott. Tib. C. VI f.10v]]
</gallery>
====Summary of Swords from Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Manuscript !! Date !! Total No.<br>of Swords !! of which<br>are held<br>at waist !! Total No.<br>of Scabbards !! of which<br>look like<br>baldrics !! of which<br>look like<br>sword belts
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Add. 49598|BL Add. 49598]] || 971-984 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 0 || 1
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Harley 2506|BL Harl. 2506]] || 980-1000 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII|BL Cott. Cleo. C VIII]] || 980-1000 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Arundel 155|BL Arund. 155]] || 1012-1023 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V|BL Cott. Tib. B V]] || 1025-1050 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV |BL Cott. Clau. B. IV]] || 1025-1050|| 155 || 31 || 4 || 1 || 2
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Stowe 944 |BL Stow. 944]] || 1031 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[:Category:London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI|BL Cott. Tib. C. VI]] || 1050 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 2 || 0
|}
====Carolingian and Ottonian====
<gallery mode=Packed heights=140px style="text-align:left;">
BL. Harl. 647 f08r.JPG|AD 800-899 <br> BL. Harl. 647 f08r
BNF Lat. 266.JPG|AD 849-851 <br>BNF Lat. 266
BNF Lat. 8085 f059r.JPG|AD 800-899 <br>BNF Lat. 8085 f059r
BNF Lat. 8318 f060v.JPG|AD 800-899 <br>BNF Lat. 8318 f060v
BNF Lat. 8318 f062r.JPG|AD 800-899 <br>BNF Lat. 8318 f062r
Rome, San paolo fuori le Mura, b.JPG|AD 869-870 <br>Rome, San paolo
Rome, San paolo fuori le Mura, f.118v.JPG|AD 869-870 <br>Rome, San paolo f118v
Rome, San paolo fuori le Mura,.JPG|AD 869-870 <br>Rome, San paolo
St. Gallen Cod.22 039b.JPG|AD 883-900 <br>St. Gallen Cod.22 039
St. Gallen Cod.22 075.JPG|AD 883-900 <br>St. Gallen Cod.22 075
St. Gallen Cod.22 141.JPG|AD 883-900 <br>St. Gallen Cod.22 141
</gallery>
====Norman====
<gallery mode=Packed heights=140px style="text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
===Literature===
----
* Words for Scabbards
** Umgerð or umgjorð – used for a complete scabbard [DAVIDSON 1962: p.187]
===Archaeology===
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Scabbards seem to be predominately made up of 4 layer:
* Lining -
* Core -
* Wrapping -
* Cover -
This is probably an over simplification and more information can be found in the Construction section.<br>
<br>
====England====
==== Scotland====
** Sutherland, Balnakiel. Wooden scabbard wrapped with textile. The associated sword was probably an undercoated Petersen type H with a grip bound with horizontal binding of S-plied yarn. [BATEY & PATERSON 2012:p.637-641]** Scar , Orkney. 2 thin laths of wood, either side of the blade and lined with sheepskin or similar. All wrapped in textile. There were no metal fittings associated with the scabbard or any evidence of a leather cover. The associated sword was probably a Petersen type H.[OWEN & DALLAND 1999: p.109-112]
====Ireland====
====Denmark====
====Germany====
====Sweden====
*Birka <br>35 swords have been found in graves in Birka. 30 have been a Petersen Typology and 13 have associated remains of a scabbard. ** Bj.514 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:p.153-154, fig.102, 103]** Bj.520 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type Y. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:2]** Bj.324a Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type V. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:4]** Bj.542 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 2:1]** Bj.644 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] ** Bj.736 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 2:3]** Bj.750 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] ** Bj.832 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type Y. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:1]** Bj.834 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type X. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:fig. 253]** Bj.842 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] ** Bj.942 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type St ?.[ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 1:1]** Bj.944 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:fig. 321]** Bj.957 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14]
====France====
==Scabbard hanging styles==
{{Ref|Arbman 1940}}
{{Ref|Arwidsson 1986}}
{{Ref|Batey & Paterson 2012}}
{{Ref|Bersu & Wilson 1966}}
{{Ref|Biddle & Kjolbye-Biddle 1992}}
{{Ref|Cameron 2000}}
{{Ref|Cameron 2007}}
{{Ref|Campbell 1982}}
{{Ref|Davidson 1962}}
{{Ref|Hagg 1991}}
{{Ref|Hedenstierna-Jonson 2006B}}
{{Ref|Macgregor 1982}}
{{Ref|Montembault 1998}}
{{Ref|Mould, Carlisle & Cameron 2003}}
{{Ref|Oakeshott 1991}}
{{Ref|Owen & Dalland 1999}}
{{Ref|Paterson 2014}}
<HarvardReferences />
[[Category:Weapons]]